Proyectos de ley › 91.ª Asamblea General
Relating to the safety of persons in certain professions involved with the judicial system, including authorizing a judicial officer, attorney general, deputy attorney general, or assistant attorney general to be issued a professional permit to carry weapons, and establishing the criminal offenses of threatening and the malicious sharing of personal information of a judicial officer or a judicial officer’s immediate family, and providing penalties
Proposed by the Attorney General · all agency proposals
Dónde está ahora
- Hecho: Presentado28 de enero de 2026
- Hecho: Subcomité28 de enero de 2026
- Hecho: Comité del Senado10 de febrero de 2026
- Hecho: Lo aprueba el Senado24 de febrero de 202645–2
- Hecho: Comité de la Cámara19 de marzo de 2026
- Hecho: Lo aprueba la Cámara8 de abril de 202691–2
- Hecho: A gobernador(a)5 de mayo de 2026
- Hecho: Firmado como ley6 de mayo de 2026
SF 2280 se hizo ley → La misma legislación se aprobó como SF 2280, así que esta versión se dejó de lado. Ir a SF 2280 ¿Qué es el embudo (funnel)?
Qué contiene
Resumen con IA Judges and certain state attorneys would be allowed to carry weapons anywhere in Iowa, including on school grounds, as long as they are employed. The law also makes it a crime to threaten these officials or their families to interfere with their work. Additionally, people cannot intentionally share the private personal information of these officials or their families to cause harm or fear. (Todavía no está traducido al español.)1
Lea la explicación oficial (en inglés)
This bill relates to the safety of persons in certain professions involved with the judicial system, including by authorizing a judicial officer, attorney general, deputy attorney general, and assistant attorney general to be issued a professional permit to carry weapons; and establishing the criminal offenses of threatening and the malicious sharing of personal information of a judicial officer or a member of the judicial officer’s immediate family. DIVISION I. The bill provides that a permit issued to a judicial officer, attorney general, deputy attorney general, or assistant attorney general grants authorization to go armed anywhere in the state at all times, including on the grounds of a school. The bill provides that a permit issued to a judicial officer, attorney general, deputy attorney general, or assistant attorney general is valid through the holder of the permit’s period of employment unless otherwise canceled. When the employment is terminated, the holder of the permit is required to surrender the permit to the issuing officer for cancellation. The bill defines “judicial officer” as a supreme court justice, a judge of the court of appeals, a district judge, a district associate judge, an associate juvenile judge, an associate probate judge, or a magistrate. The term also includes a person who is temporarily serving as a justice, judge, or magistrate as permitted by law. The bill allows the supreme court to impose additional training or other requirements on judicial officers who hold a permit issued under the bill. DIVISION II. _____ of a judicial officer. The bill prohibits a person from threatening a judicial officer or the immediate family member of a judicial officer with the intent to do any of the following: placing the judicial officer or the immediate family member of a judicial officer in fear of serious injury to the judicial officer or the immediate family member of the judicial officer; preventing or interrupting the ability of the judicial officer to carry out the judicial officer’s job duties; or retaliating against a judicial officer in relation to the performance of the judicial officer’s official duties during the judicial officer’s term of service. The bill defines “immediate family member” and “retaliation”. A person violating this division of the bill is guilty of a class “C” felony. A class “C” felony is punishable by confinement for no more than years and a fine of at least $1,370 but not more than $13,660. DIVISION III. The bill establishes the criminal offense of the malicious sharing of personal information of a judicial officer or an immediate family member of a judicial officer. The bill prohibits a person from sharing the personal information of a judicial officer or the immediate family member of a judicial officer with the intent to do any of the following: causing harm to the judicial officer or the immediate family member of a judicial officer; placing the judicial officer or the immediate family member of a judicial officer in fear of serious harm to the judicial officer or to an immediate family member of the judicial officer; or preventing or interrupting the ability to carry out the judicial officer’s job duties. The bill defines “personal information”. A person violating this division of the bill is guilty of a serious misdemeanor. A serious misdemeanor is punishable by confinement for no more than one year and a fine of at least $430 but not more than $2,560.
Cambiado después por las enmiendas H-8331, S-5027; vea Enmiendas.
Texto completo del proyecto (en inglés) · Qué cambió antes de aprobarse2
Senate subcommittee
Named January 28, 2026. On February 5, 2026 it recommended passage.
Three legislators hear a bill first and recommend what the committee should do; it’s the best time to weigh in. How to take part
Nota fiscal
Resumen con IA This bill expands weapon permit eligibility for certain officials and creates new criminal offenses for threatening or maliciously sharing the personal information of members of the General Assembly and judicial officers. The fiscal impact for the first division is estimated to be minimal, but the impact for the other divisions cannot be determined because the number of new convictions is unknown. For the new felony offense, the average state cost is between $15,000 and $25,200, and for the new serious misdemeanor offense, the average state cost is between $350 and $6,200. These costs would be incurred by the Judicial Branch, the Indigent Defense Fund, and the Department of Corrections across multiple fiscal years. (en inglés)3
Lea la nota fiscal (en inglés)
Description
Senate File 2280 relates to the safety of persons in certain professions involved with the judicial system. The Bill has four divisions.
Division I — Professional Permit to Carry Weapons
Description
Division I expands eligibility for a professional permit to carry weapons to include a member of the General Assembly, judicial officers, the Attorney General, deputy attorneys general, and assistant attorneys general. The Division grants authorization to go armed anywhere in the State at all times, including on school grounds. The Division adds that an application for a permit by the Attorney General, a deputy attorney general, or an assistant attorney general shall be delivered to the sheriff for the county in which the applicant resides. Such permits remain valid for the duration of the holder’s period of employment unless otherwise canceled and must be surrendered upon termination of employment.
The Division requires that weapons carried inside a courtroom by a permit holder be concealed, except for peace officers or correctional officers performing their official duties. Further, the Supreme Court is allowed through rulemaking to impose additional training or other requirements on judicial officers possessing permits issued under Iowa Code section 724.6.
Fiscal Impact
Division I of the Bill is estimated to have minimal fiscal impact.
Division II — Threats Against Members of the General Assembly or Judicial Officers — Immediate Family Members
Description
Division II establishes a new criminal offense for threatening a member of the General Assembly, a judicial officer, or an immediate family member of a member of the General Assembly or judicial officer. The Division prohibits a person from threatening a member of the General Assembly, a judicial officer, or an immediate family member of such officials with the intent to place an individual in fear of serious injury, prevent or interrupt the official’s ability to carry out official duties, or retaliate against an official for the performance of official duties during the official’s term of service. The penalty for this offense is a Class C felony.
Background
Under Iowa Code sections 708.3A(1) and 708.3A(2), convictions of similar conduct involving protected classes of persons results in a Class C felony. The penalty for a person convicted of a Class C felony under Iowa Code section 902.9 is confinement for up to 10 years and a fine of at least $1,370 but not more than $13,660. In FY 2025, there were 29 convictions under Iowa Code sections 708.3A(1) and 708.3A(2), which result in a Class C felony.
Assumptions
- The following will not change over the projection period: charge, conviction, and sentencing patterns and trends; prisoner length of stay (LOS); revocation rates; plea bargaining; and other criminal justice system policies and practices.
- County jail data is unavailable. For purposes of this analysis, the marginal cost for county jails is assumed to be $50 per day.
- Conviction data reflects the total number of convictions in adult court, which may include multiple convictions per individual. Not all convictions lead to incarceration, and there may be a delay between conviction and prison admission, which can contribute to differences in totals.
- A six-month delay is assumed from the effective date of the Bill to the date the first offender will enter the correctional system.
- Offender-based convictions are a count of individuals convicted of the same offense. Each offender is counted only once per Iowa Code section, regardless of the number of individual convictions.
- Admissions are a count of individuals newly admitted to the Department of Corrections (DOC) for supervision during a selected time period, based on the most serious offense committed.
Correctional Impact
Division II creates a new offense. The correctional impact cannot be determined because the number of new convictions under the Bill is unknown. Figure 1 shows estimates for sentencing to State prison, parole, probation, or Community-Based Corrections (CBC) residential facilities; LOS in months under those supervisions; and supervision marginal costs per day for a Class C felony.
Figure 1 — Sentencing Estimates and Length of Stay (LOS) in Months
Conviction Offense Class
Percent
Ordered to
State
Prison
FY 2025 Avg
LOS in
Prison (All Releases)
Marginal
Cost Per
Day
Prison
Percent
Ordered to
Probation
FY 2025
Field Avg
LOS on
Probation
Avg Cost
Per Day
Probation
Marginal
Cost Per
Day CBC
Marginal
Cost Per
Day Jail
FY 2025
Field Avg
LOS on
Parole
Marginal
Cost Per
Day Parole
C Felony Persons 89.1% 39.1 $23.07 30.1% 42.8 $8.00 $16.35 $50.00 27.2 $8.00 Refer to the Legislative Services Agency (LSA) memo addressed to the General Assembly, Cost Estimates Used for Correctional Impact Statements, dated January 12, 2026, for information related to the correctional system.
Minority Impact
Division II creates a new offense for threatening a member of the General Assembly, a judicial officer, or an immediate family member of such officials, and, as a result, existing data cannot be used to estimate the minority impact of the Bill. Refer to the LSA memo addressed to the General Assembly, Minority Impact Statements, dated January 12, 2026, for information related to minorities in the criminal justice system.
Fiscal Impact
The fiscal impact for Division II cannot be determined because the number of new convictions is unknown. The average State cost per Class C felony is between $15,000 and $25,200. This includes operating costs incurred by the Judicial Branch, the Indigent Defense Fund, and the DOC. The costs would be incurred across multiple fiscal years for prison and parole supervision.
Division III — Malicious Sharing of Personal Information
Description
Division III creates a new criminal offense of malicious sharing of personal information of a member of the General Assembly, a judicial officer, or an immediate family member of such officials. Personal information is defined as a personal physical address, personal phone number, or physical location. The Division prohibits a person from sharing personal information with the intent to cause harm, place the individual in fear of serious harm, or prevent or interrupt the official’s ability to carry out official duties. The penalty for this offense is a serious misdemeanor.
Background
A serious misdemeanor is punishable by confinement of no more than one year and a fine of at least $430 but not to exceed $2,560.
Assumptions
- Admissions are a count of individuals newly admitted to the DOC for supervision during a selected time period, based on the offense of malicious sharing of personal information of a judicial officer or an immediate family member of a judicial officer.
- The following will not change over the projection period: charge, conviction, and sentencing patterns and trends; prisoner LOS; revocation rates; plea bargaining; and other criminal justice system policies and practices.
- County jail data is unavailable. For purposes of this analysis, the marginal cost for county jails is assumed to be $50 per day.
- Conviction data reflects the total number of convictions in adult court, which may include multiple convictions per individual. Not all convictions lead to incarceration, and there may be a delay between conviction and prison admission, which can contribute to differences in totals.
- A six-month delay is assumed from the effective date of the Bill to the date the first offender will enter the correctional system.
- Offender-based convictions are a count of individuals convicted of the same offense. Each offender is counted only once per Iowa Code section, regardless of the number of individual convictions.
- Admissions are a count of individuals newly admitted to the DOC for supervision during a selected time period, based on the most serious offense committed.
Correctional Impact
Division III creates a new offense. The correctional impact cannot be determined because the number of new convictions under the Bill is unknown. Figure 2 shows estimates for sentencing to State prison, parole, probation, or CBC residential facilities; LOS in months under those supervisions; and supervision marginal costs per day for a serious misdemeanor. Figure 2 — Sentencing Estimates and LOS in Months
Conviction Offense Class
Percent
Ordered to
State
Prison
FY 2025 Avg
LOS in
Prison (All Releases)
Marginal
Cost Per
Day
Prison
Percent
Ordered to
Probation
FY 2025
Field Avg
LOS on
Probation
Avg Cost
Per Day
Probation
Marginal
Cost Per
Day CBC
Marginal
Cost Per
Day Jail
FY 2025
Field Avg
LOS on
Parole
Marginal
Cost Per
Day Parole
Serious Misdemeanor 2.3% 7.3 $23.07 44.8% 21.0 $8.00 $16.35 $50.00 N/A $8.00 Refer to the LSA memo addressed to the General Assembly, Cost Estimates Used for Correctional Impact Statements, dated January 12, 2026, for information related to the correctional system.
Minority Impact
Division III creates a new offense of malicious sharing of personal information of a member of the General Assembly, a judicial officer, or an immediate family member of such officials, and, as a result, existing data cannot be used to estimate the minority impact of the Bill. Refer to the LSA memo addressed to the General Assembly, Minority Impact Statements, dated January 12, 2026, for information related to minorities in the criminal justice system.
Fiscal Impact
The fiscal impact for Division III cannot be determined because the number of new convictions is unknown. The average State cost per serious misdemeanor is between $350 and $6,200. This includes operating costs incurred by the Judicial Branch, the Indigent Defense Fund, and the DOC. The costs would be incurred across multiple fiscal years for prison and parole supervision.
Division IV — Threats Including to Public Officials
Description
Division IV adds the communication of a true threat including an intent to cause bodily injury to a public official, if the official learns of the threat within a year of the communication, to the definition of harassment.
Background
Under current law, a person commits harassment when, with the intent of intimidating, annoying, or alarming another person, the person does certain prohibited acts, such as threatening bodily injury, communicating in a harassing way, or reporting false information to the police. Iowa Code section 708.7 categorizes harassment into three degrees. The first degree is punishable as an aggravated misdemeanor, the second is punishable as a serious misdemeanor, and the third is punishable as a simple misdemeanor. The harassment statute covers threats to bodily injury as a crime in the second degree and threats of forcible felony as a crime in the first degree, but this Division specifically directs that threats against public officials are harassment.
A simple misdemeanor is punishable by confinement for no more than 30 days and a fine of at least $105 but not to exceed $855. A serious misdemeanor is punishable by confinement for no more than one year and a fine of at least $430 but not to exceed $2,560. An aggravated misdemeanor is punishable by confinement for no more than two years and a fine of at least $855 but not to exceed $8,540. In FY 2025, there were 2,065 convictions under Iowa Code chapter 708 for harassment, of which 274 were for harassment in the second degree and 767 were for harassment in the first degree.
Assumptions
- The following will not change over the projection period: charge, conviction, and sentencing patterns and trends; prisoner LOS; revocation rates; plea bargaining; and other criminal justice system policies and practices.
- County jail data is unavailable. For purposes of this analysis, the marginal cost for county jails is assumed to be $50 per day.
- Conviction data reflects the total number of convictions in adult court, which may include multiple convictions per individual. Not all convictions lead to incarceration, and there may be a delay between conviction and prison admission, which can contribute to differences in totals.
- A six-month delay is assumed from the effective date of the Bill to the date the first offender will enter the correctional system.
- Offender-based convictions are a count of individuals convicted of the same offense. Each offender is counted only once per Iowa Code section, regardless of the number of individual convictions.
- Admissions are a count of individuals newly admitted to the DOC for supervision during a selected time period, based on the most serious offense committed.
Correctional Impact
Division IV expands the crime of harassment. A correctional impact cannot be determined because the number of new convictions is unknown. Figure 3 shows estimates for sentencing to State prison, parole, probation, or CBC residential facilities; LOS in months under those supervisions; and supervision marginal costs per day for a serious misdemeanor and an aggravated misdemeanor.
Figure 3 — Sentencing Estimates and LOS in Months
Conviction Offense Class
Percent
Ordered to
State
Prison
FY 2025 Avg
LOS in
Prison (All Releases)
Marginal
Cost Per
Day
Prison
Percent
Ordered to
Probation
FY 2025
Field Avg
LOS on
Probation
Avg Cost
Per Day
Probation
Marginal
Cost Per
Day CBC
Marginal
Cost Per
Day Jail
FY 2025
Field Avg
LOS on
Parole
Marginal
Cost Per
Day Parole
Serious Misdemeanor 2.3% 7.3 $23.07 44.8% 21.0 $8.00 $16.35 $50.00 N/A $8.00 Aggravated Misdemeanor Persons 45.4% 9.8 $23.07 62.1% 27.6 $8.00 $16.35 $50.00 9.4 $8.00 Refer to the LSA memo addressed to the General Assembly, Cost Estimates Used for Correctional Impact Statements, dated January 12, 2026, for information related to the correctional system.
Minority Impact
Division IV expands the crime of harassment, and, as a result, existing data cannot be used to estimate the minority impact. Refer to the LSA memo addressed to the General Assembly, Minority Impact Statements, dated January 12, 2026, for information related to minorities in the criminal justice system.
Fiscal Impact
The fiscal impact for Division IV cannot be determined because the number of new convictions is unknown. Figure 4 shows the average State cost per relevant offense. This includes operating costs incurred by the Judicial Branch, the Indigent Defense Fund, and the DOC. The costs would be incurred across multiple fiscal years for prison and parole supervision. Figure 4 — Average State Cost Per Offense
Sources
- Department of Corrections
- Division of Data, Planning, and Improvement (DPI), Department of Management (DOM)
- Final Fiscal Note — Crimes Against Judicial Officers and Professional Permits to Carry · 14 de mayo de 2026
- Crimes Against Judicial Officers and Professional Permits to Carry · 6 de marzo de 2026
- Crimes Against Judicial Officers and Professional Permits to Carry · 23 de febrero de 2026
- Crimes Against Judicial Officers and Professional Permits to Carry · 20 de febrero de 2026
Lo que cambia del Código de Iowa (Iowa Code)
Modifica§724.6
Cabildeo
8 a favor · 2 en contra · 8 indecisos · Quiénes →
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91st General Assembly